pyrex.askaryan.ARZAskaryanSignal

class pyrex.askaryan.ARZAskaryanSignal(times, particle, viewing_angle, viewing_distance=1, ice_model=<pyrex.ice_model.AntarcticIce object>, t0=0)

Class for generating Askaryan signals according to ARZ parameterization.

Stores the time-domain information for an Askaryan electric field (V/m) produced by the electromagnetic and hadronic showers initiated by a neutrino.

Parameters

timesarray_like

1D array of times (s) for which the signal is defined.

particleParticle

Particle object responsible for the showers which produce the Askaryan signal. Should have an energy in GeV, vertex in m, and id, plus an interaction with an em_frac and had_frac.

viewing_anglefloat

Observation angle (radians) measured relative to the shower axis.

viewing_distancefloat, optional

Distance (m) between the shower vertex and the observation point (along the ray path).

ice_modeloptional

The ice model to be used for describing the index of refraction of the medium.

t0float, optional

Pulse offset time (s), i.e. time at which the showers take place.

Raises

ValueError

If the particle object is not a neutrino or antineutrino with a charged-current or neutral-current interaction.

See also

pyrex.FunctionSignal

Class for signals generated by a function.

pyrex.Particle

Class for storing particle attributes.

Notes

Calculates the Askaryan signal based on the ARZ parameterization [1]. Uses a Greisen model for the electromagnetic shower profile [2], [3] and a Gaisser-Hillas model for the hadronic shower profile [4], [5]. Calculates the electric field from the vector potential using the convolution method outlined in section 4 of the ARZ paper, which results in the most efficient calculation of the parameterization.

References

1

J. Alvarez-Muniz et al, “Practical and accurate calculations of Askaryan radiation.” Physical Review D 84, 103003 (2011). arXiv:1106.6283 DOI:10.1103/PhysRevD.84.103003

2

K. Greisen, “The Extensive Air Showers.” Prog. in Cosmic Ray Phys. III, 1 (1956).

3

K.D. de Vries et al, “On the feasibility of RADAR detection of high-energy neutrino-induced showers in ice.” Astropart. Phys. 60, 25-31 (2015). arXiv:1312.4331 DOI:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2014.05.009

4

T.K. Gaisser & A.M. Hillas “Reliability of the Method of Constant Intensity Cuts for Reconstructing the Average Development of Vertical Showers.” ICRC proceedings, 353 (1977).

5

J. Alvarez-Muniz & E. Zas, “EeV Hadronic Showers in Ice: The LPM effect.” ICRC proceedings, 17-25 (1999). arXiv:astro-ph/9906347

Attributes

times, valuesndarray

1D arrays of times (s) and corresponding values which define the signal.

value_typeSignal.Type.field

Type of signal, representing the units of the values.

TypeEnum

Enum containing possible types (units) for signal values.

em_energyfloat

Energy (GeV) of the electromagnetic shower producing the pulse.

had_energyfloat

Energy (GeV) of the hadronic shower producing the pulse.

oncone_rangefloat

Maximum angular deviation (radians) from the Cherenkov angle which should be forced to the Cherenkov angle form factor parameterization.

vector_potential

The vector potential of the signal.

dt

The time spacing of the times array, or None if invalid.

frequencies

The FFT frequencies of the signal.

spectrum

The FFT complex spectrum values of the signal.

envelope

The envelope of the signal by Hilbert transform.

Methods

Type(value)	Enum containing possible types (units) for signal values.
copy()	Get a copy of the FunctionSignal object.
em_shower_RAC(time, energy)	Calculates R*A_C at the given time and energy.
em_shower_profile(z, energy[, density, …])	Calculates the electromagnetic shower longitudinal profile.
filter_frequencies(freq_response[, force_real])	Apply the given frequency response function to the signal, in-place.
had_shower_RAC(time, energy)	Calculates R*A_C at the given time and energy.
had_shower_profile(z, energy[, density, …])	Calculates the hadronic shower longitudinal profile.
max_length(energy[, density, crit_energy, …])	Calculates the depth of a particle shower maximum.
resample(n)	Resamples the signal into n points in the same time range, in-place.
set_buffers([leading, trailing, force])	Set leading and trailing buffers used in calculation of signal values.
shift(dt)	Shifts the signal values in time by dt.
shower_signal(times, energy, …)	Calculate the signal values for some shower type.
with_times(new_times)	Returns a representation of this signal over a different times array.